Is Alpha Lipoic Acid Safe for Pets?
Animals have varying sensitivity to alpha lipoic acid, and it may have a stronger effect in some small animals than in humans. While studies suggest the antioxidant could be a viable treatment for some conditions, we strongly urge you discuss using alpha lipoic acid with your veterinarian before administering it to your pet. (iv.157, 162-163)
Alpha Lipoic Acid Can Be Toxic for Cats
Alpha lipoic acid is much more potent in cats than in dogs. Too much alpha lipoic acid can have toxic effects for our feline friends. Even as little as 30 mg per kilogram of body weight can cause signs of nerve and liver damage. Symptoms of overdose include: (iv.158, 163)
- Excess salivation.
- Hypersensitivity.
- Irritability.
- Loss of coordination.
- Reduced appetite.
- Vomiting.
The maximum dosage tolerated by cats is 13 mg/kg of body weight, but the American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (ASPCA) Poison Control Center recommends treatment for any amount of alpha lipoic acid over 5 mg/kg. (iv.163)
What does this translate to as a recommended dosage? According to one veterinarian, the recommended dosage for a condition such as feline immunodeficiency virus is up to 25 mg a day — divided into separate, smaller doses. (iv.158)
Reports of Toxicity & Fatal Overdose in Dogs
The maximum dosage tolerated by dogs is 126 mg/kg of body weight. However, the ASPCA recommends treatment for any amount ingested over 50 mg/kg. (iv.163)
There have been 2 case reports of dogs suffering from hypoglycemia and other symptoms due to alpha lipoic acid overdose similar to those seen in cats. Other symptoms can include tremors and seizures. In one case, a young Greater Swiss Mountain dog ingested multiple 300 mg alpha lipoic acid supplements, amounting to over 190 mg/kg of his body weight. The second case involved a female American Staffordshire terrier who ate about 50 alpha lipoic acid gel tabs (about 210 mg/kg). Unfortunately the terrier did not survive even with treatment. (iv.163)